Silicon And Halogens


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Silicon And Halogens

Silicon: Silicon is the second most abundant element on earth after oxygen. Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, occurs as quartz, which is a crystalline solid, and in an impure form as sand and sandstone. Silica is a transparent mineral made up of silicate sheets. Silicon is a hard shiny grey solid with a high melting point Its structure is similar to that of diamond, Silicon is a semiconductor. It is one of the few elements which show the general characteristic of both metals and non-metals.

Silicon is used in making microprocessors or silicon chips. A microprocessor is made up of many thousands of transistors arranged on a single chip of silicon.

Glass is made by heating silicon dioxide in the form of sand with sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate to a temperature of about I500°C.

Halogens:The halogen family consists of the elements fluorine, F; chlorine, Cl; bromine, Dr, iodine, I; and astatine, At. All the halogen elements, except astatine, exist in the earth's crust and atmosphere.

The halogens are the best-defined family of elements. They have an almost perfect gradation of physical properties. Fluorine is pale yellow; chlorine is yellow green; bromine is dark brown; and iodine is deep violet. Although all halogens generally undergo the same types of reactions, the extent and ease with which these reactions occur vary markedly. Fluorine, in particular, has the usual tendency of the lightest member of a family of elements of exhibiting reactions not comparable to the other members.

Bromine and its compounds are used as disinfection and sanitising agents in swimming pools and potable water. Bromine chemicals are used as intermediates in manufacturing organic dyes, in storage batteries and fire extinguishing systems.

Chlorine is used for purifying water. As a chemical compound, both organic and inorganic, chlorine has many uses. Some useful compounds are sodium chloride, calcium chloride, chloroform, methyl chloride, chlorobenzene, etc.

Chapters
Constitutional Development in India
Non-Constitutional Organisation
Art, Architecture & Culture of India
Pantings
Theatre
Dance
Music
The State Legislature
Local Self Goverment
Emergency Provisions
Constitutional Organisation
Union And Its Territory
Structure of Indian Constitution
Third Phase of National Movement
Indian Struggle Against British Rule
Constitutional Development of India
Socio Religious Reforms
Growth of British Paramountacy
Post Mughal Period
Irrigation System Of India
National Income
Inflation And Trade Cycles
Poverty And Unemployment
Infrastructure In India
Sectors Of Indian Economy
Economic Growth And Development
Banking System In India
Census of India 2011
Windlife Conservation In India
Architecture During Medivial India
Major Industries In India
Means Of Transport In India
Natural Vegetation
Agriculture In India
The Physical Features Of India
Soils In India
Climate Of India
Drainage System of India
Advent Of The Europeans
The State Executive
Judiciary In India
The Union Legislature
The Union Executive
Fundamental Rights and Duties
Constituent Assembly
Second Phase of National Movement
First Phase of National Movement
The Revolt Of 1857
Election Commission Of India
Lodhi Dynasty
Mughal Empire And Beyond
Tughlaq and Sayyid Dynasty
Slave Dynasty
Khilji Dynasty
The Early Kingdoms
The Mauryan Empire
The Age Of The Guptas
Chemistry In Everyday Life
Administrative Structure of Delhi Sultanate
Post Gupta Era
Post Mauryan Period
Religious Reform Movement
Vedic Civilization
Indus Valley Civilization
Tissues In Organism
Units And Dimensions
Pre-Historic Period
Environmental Studies
Bio-Diversity
Human And Regional Geography
Fiscal And Monetary Policy In India
Major Institutions
Economic Planning Of India
India - Size And Location
Constitutional Amendments and Provisions
Content / Category
Class / Course
 
 


Students / Parents Reviews [20]